Exhaustive List of Short-Term Business Loan FAQs
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Basics
What is a short-term business loan?
A lump-sum business loan with a fixed repayment schedule over a short horizon (typically 3–24 months).
How is it different from a line of credit?
A line is revolving (draw/repay repeatedly). A term loan is a one-time lump sum with fixed repayments.
How is it different from a merchant cash advance (MCA)?
MCAs purchase future receivables and collect a variable % of sales; short-term loans have fixed payments and an interest/fee schedule.
Typical use cases?
Inventory buys, bridging payables/receivables gaps, seasonal stock, marketing sprints, small equipment, contractor mobilization.
Who is it best for?
Businesses with near-term ROI opportunities and predictable cash flow that want fixed, known payments.
Who should avoid it?
Very thin margins, highly volatile revenue, or needs that require long amortization (consider longer-term products instead).
Secured or unsecured?
Both exist. Many are unsecured or backed by a blanket UCC-1 and personal guaranty; some require specific collateral.
What is the typical term length?
Commonly 6–18 months (range ~3–24 months).
Is this working capital?
Yes—commonly used for short-cycle working-capital needs.
Costs & Pricing
How are costs quoted (APR vs factor rate vs simple interest)?
Lenders may use APR, a total cost/factor (e.g., 1.15), or fixed fee. Always compare total dollar cost and effective APR.
What drives the rate?
Credit profile, time in business, cash-flow stability, industry risk, collateral, and lender competition.
What is a factor rate?
A multiplier on principal (e.g., $100k × 1.15 = $115k total payback). Payments are then scheduled over the term.
Are there origination or underwriting fees?
Often 0–5% of the amount funded. Some lenders also charge document or ACH fees—ask for a full fee sheet.
Are rates fixed or variable?
Generally fixed for the life of a short-term loan.
What is the total cost of capital (TCC)?
All fees + interest over the full term. Use TCC to compare offers apples-to-apples.
Do weekly vs daily payments affect cost?
Not the stated cost, but they affect cash-flow timing and perceived burden.
Are early-payment discounts offered?
Some lenders prorate interest/fees or give a “prepay” discount; others don’t. Confirm in writing.
Any hidden costs?
Watch for draw/maintenance fees, NSF fees, late fees, lockbox fees, and prepayment penalties.
Eligibility & Underwriting
Minimum time in business (TIB)?
Commonly 6–12 months; some programs accept 3 months with stronger cash flow.
Minimum annual revenue?
Often $100k–$300k+, but varies widely by lender.
Minimum credit score?
Typical thresholds range from ~550–650 FICO; stronger files can secure better terms.
What industries qualify?
Most do, but high-risk industries (e.g., firearms, gambling) may face restrictions.
What financials are reviewed?
3–6 months of business bank statements, voided check, IDs; sometimes P&L, balance sheet, tax returns if larger.
Will my personal credit be pulled?
Usually yes (soft or hard pull) to assess credit management and potential guaranty.
Is a personal guaranty required?
Frequently, yes—especially for unsecured or blanket-lien structures.
Do lenders file a UCC-1 lien?
Often a blanket lien on business assets; priority and existing liens matter.
Can startups qualify?
If <6 months TIB, options narrow; alternatives might include MCA, equipment financing, or a secured LOC.
Does profitability matter?
Cash-flow coverage matters most; consistent deposits and low NSF/negative days help.
Application & Approval
What documents do I need?
Application, IDs, last 3–6 months bank statements, voided check; possibly EIN letter, business license, lease.
How long does approval take?
Fast lenders can underwrite same-day; more complex deals may take a few days.
Do I need financial statements?
For larger amounts, yes (P&L, balance sheet, AR/AP aging). Smaller loans may rely on statements + bank data.
Can I apply with multiple lenders?
Yes, but too many credit pulls/UCC filings can complicate or worsen terms.
Will site inspections be required?
Generally not for small loans; possible for bigger requests or collateralized structures.
Funding & Use of Proceeds
How quickly can I receive funds?
As fast as same day after contract execution and verifications.
How are funds disbursed?
Typically ACH to your business bank account; wires for rush scenarios.
Are there restrictions on use?
Usually flexible—working capital, payroll, inventory—avoid prohibited uses (tax evasion, personal expenses, illegal activity).
Can I use it to refinance other debt?
Often yes; verify any lender-to-lender payoff processes and prepayment penalties.
Repayment Structure
How are payments scheduled?
Daily, weekly, or bi-weekly ACH debits are common; some offer monthly.
Fixed amount or percentage of sales?
Fixed amount (unlike MCA). This makes planning easier, but requires steady cash flow.
Can I change my payment frequency later?
Sometimes—ask for a hardship or restructuring option policy upfront.
What happens on holidays/weekends?
Daily ACHs typically skip bank holidays/weekends and catch up on the next business day, or spread over the schedule.
Are there late or NSF fees?
Yes; understand fees and any “right to cure” provisions.
Prepayment & Renewal
Can I repay early without penalty?
Depends. Some charge a flat fee regardless of payoff date; others prorate. Get the payoff quote policy in writing.
Is there a prepayment discount?
Some lenders apply an interest rebate or % discount if paid early. Ask for examples.
How do renewals work?
After several successful payments, lenders may offer additional capital—either a top-up or refinance into a new term.
Will renewing increase my total cost?
Yes, because you’re entering a new obligation. Compare the blended cost and consider net savings/ROI.
Risk & Compliance
What are the main risks?
Over-borrowing, payment stress from daily/weekly debits, stacking multiple advances, and covenants you can’t maintain.
What covenants might apply?
Minimum balance, no additional debt/UCCs, maintain insurance, provide statements, keep taxes current.
What if I miss payments?
Expect late/NSF fees, collection calls, potential default; liens/guaranties can be enforced.
Can the lender sweep my account?
Some contracts permit remedies after default. Read the ACH authorization and default clauses carefully.
Does this affect my credit?
Personal credit can be checked; delinquencies/defaults may appear on business credit or via collection activity.
Any regulatory disclosures?
Some states require cost-of-capital disclosure; request a truth-in-lending style summary regardless.
Are there prepayment penalties?
Sometimes. Ensure the agreement explicitly states whether fees are earned over time or at origination.
Comparisons & Alternatives
When is a short-term loan better than an MCA?
When you want fixed payments, clear amortization, and potentially lower total cost for strong cash flow.
When is a line of credit better?
When you have recurring working-capital swings and want to draw only what you need, when you need it.
Equipment financing vs short-term loan?
If purchasing long-life assets, equipment loans with collateral and longer terms may yield lower payments.
SBA 7(a) vs short-term loan?
SBA offers longer terms/lower rates but slower, more documentation-heavy. Short-term loans fund fast at higher cost.
Invoice factoring vs short-term loan?
Factoring advances against invoices; cost depends on collection time. Useful if your capital is tied up in AR.
Revenue-based financing vs short-term loan?
RBF ties payments to a % of revenue (variable). Term loans are fixed—predictable but less flexible if sales dip.
Amount, Term & Structure
How much can I qualify for?
Commonly 50–150% of average monthly deposits, capped by cash-flow coverage and risk.
How is the term chosen?
Match term to ROI/payback period of the use of funds—inventory turnover, project cycle, campaign length.
Can I get interest-only periods?
Rare for short-term loans; occasionally a brief interest-only “ramp” is offered.
Balloon payments?
Uncommon; most are fully amortizing. Verify amortization schedule.
Can I stack multiple loans?
Strongly discouraged—stacking increases default risk and can violate covenants.
Banking & Cash-Flow Considerations
What bank activity helps approval?
Consistent deposits, few NSFs, positive average daily balance, clean account history.
How do daily payments affect cash flow?
They smooth the burden but require constant liquidity—build a buffer.
Should I open a separate operating account?
Often helpful for budgeting and to isolate loan activity.
Can I pause payments if sales dip?
Some lenders offer temporary relief/hardship plans; not guaranteed—ask upfront.
Collateral & Guarantees
What collateral is accepted?
General business assets (UCC-1), sometimes specific equipment/inventory, or personal assets for secured deals.
Do I need insurance?
Lenders may require general liability or specific collateral insurance.
Multiple owners—who guarantees?
Typically owners with ≥20% stake; policies vary.
Contracts & Documentation
What clauses should I scrutinize?
Default remedies, confession-of-judgment (if applicable), cross-default, prepayment treatment, personal guaranty scope, set-off rights.
Can I negotiate terms?
Yes—particularly fees, prepay discounts, and UCC priority if you’re a strong borrower or have competing offers.
Will the lender contact my landlord or vendors?
Occasionally for verification on larger deals; usually not for smaller amounts.
Are there restrictions on additional debt?
Often—look for “no additional indebtedness” or “no junior lien” clauses.
After Funding
What reporting is required post-funding?
Periodic bank statements, financials, or tax proof; varies by lender and size.
Can I get additional capital mid-term?
Possibly after on-time payment history (e.g., 50% paid down) and stable cash flow.
How do I request a payoff letter?
Ask the lender’s servicing team for a dated payoff quote with per-diem detail and instructions.
How do renewals affect my credit/liens?
New UCC filings or amendments may occur; ensure the old lien is terminated when refinanced/paid off.
Practical Evaluation
How do I compare offers fairly?
Normalize to total dollar cost and effective APR, include all fees, confirm payment frequency, and model cash-flow impact.
What’s a quick rule of thumb for affordability?
Target total debt service ≤ 10–15% of monthly deposits (varies by margin/industry).
How do I model ROI?
Tie the loan to a specific initiative (inventory turn, campaign CAC/LTV, project margin) and require payback before term end.
What red flags should I watch for?
Opaque pricing, refusal to provide payoff math, aggressive stacking, COJ clauses without counsel, or pressure tactics.
Should I talk to a CPA or attorney?
Advisable for larger obligations—review tax impact, covenants, and legal terms.
What if I’m declined?
Improve bank health, reduce NSFs, increase reserves, season your business longer, or consider alternative products.


